Health care system should provide proactive interventions to prevent ...

Major depressive episodes can be prevented, and to help ensure that they are, the health care system should provide routine access to depression-prevention interventions, just as patients receive standard vaccines, according to a new article co-authored by UCSF researcher Ricardo F. Mu-oz, PhD.

The article builds on a 2009 Institute of Medicine report on prevention of mental, emotional and behavioral disorders, which provided presented evidence that mental disorders can be prevented.

The article, ?Major Depression Can Be Prevented,? will appear in a special section of the May-June 2012 issue of the American Psychologist. In it, the authors provide a road map for what needs to be accomplished in the next 10 years to make headway against depression. Previous studies suggest that 22 percent to 38 percent of major depressive episodes could be prevented with currently available interventions, according to Mu-oz.

Mu-oz and co-authors William Beardslee, MD, professor of child psychiatry at Harvard Medical School and Yan Leykin, PhD, assistant adjunct professor in the department of psychiatry at UCSF, are calling their article a ?call to action for the health care system.?

The article offers a set of guidelines, which include identifying high-risk individuals and ultimately striving to reduce new cases of depression by half.

?Very few people are aware that depression can be prevented, including professionals in the field and there are very few preventive services,? said Mu-oz, a depression prevention and treatment researcher in the department of psychiatry at UCSF and director of the UCSF/San Francisco General Hospital Latino Mental Health Research Program.

?The World Health Organization has named depression the number one cause of disability in the world,? he said. Depression can lead to suicide and it causes a significant amount of long-term disability and suffering for the persons afflicted and for their families.

According to Mu-oz, only about half of depression cases are recognized and fewer are treated adequately. Many primary care physicians now screen for cases of clinical depression, but there are as yet no recommendations for the identification of patients at risk for depression. The healthcare system itself, he said, is a key roadblock to establishing better preventive services.

?The healthcare system is set up to pay providers for treatment. It has not been set up to pay providers for prevention of mental disorders,? said Mu-oz. ?Without financial incentives for prevention few professionals will engage in preventive interventions. It?s a major structural obstacle.?

Mu-oz is calling for establishing ways to identify people at risk for imminent depression so that they can be offered interventions to prevent it. For example, adolescent children of parents with clinical depression who are starting to experience depressive symptoms have been shown to have significantly fewer full-blown cases of major depression a year or so later if they are provided with mood-management skills and other preventive strategies.

Article source: http://www.news-medical.net/news/20120515/Health-care-system-should-provide-proactive-interventions-to-prevent-depression.aspx

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